Smart Contract

A program that runs on Ethereum and executes logic according to code.

Decentralized Application

An application that uses Ethereum smart contracts and a distributed network rather than relying on one central server.

Gas

The unit used to measure and price computation on Ethereum.

Ethereum Virtual Machine

The execution environment that runs Ethereum smart contracts.

Account

An address on Ethereum that can hold value, code, or state depending on its type.

Externally Owned Account

An account controlled by a user through keys, rather than by contract code.

Contract Account

An account whose behavior is defined by smart contract code.

Token

A programmable asset that can be represented and managed by smart contracts on Ethereum.

DAO

A decentralized organization whose rules and treasury are managed through smart contracts.

Ethereum Yellow Paper

A formal technical specification of Ethereum, originally associated with Gavin Wood.

Proof of Stake

Ethereum’s current consensus model, introduced after major upgrades long after the 2014 whitepaper.